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Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)
Explosives and blasting agents. - 1910.109

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR) - Table of
Contents

• Part Number:

1910

• Part Title:

Occupational Safety and Health
Standards

• Subpart:

H

• Subpart Title:

Hazardous Materials

• Standard Number:

1910.109

• Title:

Explosives and blasting agents.

1910.109(a)

"Definitions applicable to this section".
1910.109(a)(1)

"Blasting agent." Blasting agent - any material or
mixture, consisting of a fuel and oxidizer, intended for blasting, not
otherwise classified as an explosive and in which none of the ingredients
are classified as an explosive, provided that the finished product, as
mixed and packaged for use or shipment, cannot be detonated by means of a
No. 8 test blasting cap when unconfined.
1910.109(a)(2)

"Explosive-actuated power devices." Explosive-actuated
power device - any tool or special mechanized device which is actuated by
explosives, but not including propellant-actuated power devices. Examples
of explosive-actuated power devices are jet tappers and jet
perforators.
..1910.109(a)(3)

1910.109(a)(3)

"Explosive." Explosive - any chemical compound, mixture,
or device, the primary or common purpose of which is to function by
explosion, i.e., with substantially instantaneous release of gas and heat,
unless such compound, mixture, or device is otherwise specifically
classified by the U.S. Department of Transportation; see 49 CFR chapter I.
The term "explosives" shall include all material which is classified as
Class A, Class B, and Class C explosives by the U.S. Department of
Transportation, and includes, but is not limited to dynamite, black
powder, pellet powders, initiating explosives, blasting caps, electric
blasting caps, safety fuse, fuse lighters, fuse igniters, squibs, cordeau
detonant fuse, instantaneous fuse, igniter cord, igniters, small arms
ammunition, small arms ammunition primers, smokeless propellant,
cartridges for propellant-actuated power devices, and cartridges for
industrial guns. Commercial explosives are those explosives which are
intended to be used in commercial or industrial operations.

Note 1: Classification of explosives is described by the
U.S. Department of Transportation as follows (see 49 CFR chapter I):
1910.109(a)(3)(i)

"Class A explosives." Possessing, detonating, or otherwise
maximum hazard; such as dynamite, nitroglycerin, picric acid, lead azide,
fulminate of mercury, black powder, blasting caps, and detonating
primers.
1910.109(a)(3)(ii)

"Class B explosives." Possessing flammable hazard, such as
propellant explosives (including some smokeless propellants), photographic
flash powders, and some special
fireworks.
1910.109(a)(3)(iii)

"Class C explosives." Includes certain types of
manufactured articles which contain Class A or Class B explosives, or
both, as components but in restricted quantities.
1910.109(a)(3)(iv)

"Forbidden or not acceptable explosives." Explosives which
are forbidden or not acceptable for transportation by common carriers by
rail freight, rail express, highway, or water in accordance with the
regulations of the U.S. Department of Transportation, 49 CFR chapter
I.
1910.109(a)(4)

"Highway." Highway - any public street, public alley, or
public road.
..1910.109(a)(5)

1910.109(a)(5)

[Reserved]
1910.109(a)(6)

"Magazine." Magazine - any building or structure, other
than an explosives manufacturing building, used for the storage of
explosives.
1910.109(a)(7)

"Motor vehicle." Motor vehicle - any self-propelled
vehicle, truck, tractor, semitrailer, or truck-full trailers used for the
transportation of freight over public
highways.
1910.109(a)(8)

"Propellant-actuated power devices." Propellant-actuated
power devices - any tool or special mechanized device or gas generator
system which is actuated by a smokeless propellant or which releases and
directs work through a smokeless propellant charge.
1910.109(a)(9)

[Reserved]
1910.109(a)(10)

"Pyrotechnics." Pyrotechnics - any combustible or
explosive compositions or manufactured articles designed and prepared for
the purpose of producing audible or visible effects which are commonly
referred to as fireworks.
1910.109(a)(11)

[Reserved]
..1910.109(a)(12)

1910.109(a)(12)

"Semiconductive hose." Semiconductive hose - a hose with
an electrical resistance high enough to limit flow of stray electric
currents to safe levels, yet not so high as to prevent drainage of static
electric charges to ground; hose of not more than 2 megohms resistance
over its entire length and of not less than 5,000 ohms per foot meets the
requirement.
1910.109(a)(13)

"Small arms ammunition." Small arms ammunition - any
shotgun, rifle, pistol, or revolver cartridge, and cartridges for
propellant-actuated power devices and industrial guns. Military - type
ammunition containing explosive - bursting charges, incendiary, tracer,
spotting, or pyrotechnic projectiles is excluded from this definition.
1910.109(a)(14)

"Small arms ammunition primers." Small arms ammunition
primers - small percussion-sensitive explosive charges, encased in a cup,
used to ignite propellant powder.
1910.109(a)(15)

"Smokeless propellants." Smokeless propellants - solid
propellants, commonly called smokeless powders in the trade, used in small
arms ammunition, cannon, rockets, propellant-actuated power devices,
etc.
1910.109(a)(16)

"Special industrial explosives devices." Special
industrial explosives devices - explosive-actuated power devices and
propellant-actuated power devices.
..1910.109(a)(17)

1910.109(a)(17)

"Special industrial explosives materials." Special
industrial explosives materials - shaped materials and sheet forms and
various other extrusions, pellets, and packages of high explosives, which
include dynamite, trinitrotoluene (TNT), pentaerythritol tetranitrate
(PETN), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine (RDX), and other similar
compounds used for high-energy-rate forming, expanding, and shaping in
metal fabrication, and for dismemberment and quick reduction of scrap
metal.
1910.109(a)(18)

"Water gels or slurry explosives." These comprise a wide
variety of materials used for blasting. They all contain substantial
proportions of water and high proportions of ammonium nitrate, some of
which is in solution in the water. Two broad classes of water gels are (i)
those which are sensitized by a material classed as an explosive, such as
TNT or smokeless powder, (ii) those which contain no ingredient classified
as an explosive; these are sensitized with metals such as aluminum or with
other fuels. Water gels may be premixed at an explosives plant or mixed at
the site immediately before delivery into the borehole.
1910.109(a)(19)

"DOT specifications." Regulations of the Department of
Transportation published in 49 CFR chapter I.
1910.109(b)

"Miscellaneous provisions".
1910.109(b)(1)

"General hazard." No person shall store, handle, or
transport explosives or blasting agents when such storage, handling, and
transportation of explosives or blasting agents constitutes an undue
hazard to life.
..1910.109(c)

1910.109(c)

"Storage of explosives".
1910.109(c)(1)

"General provisions."
1910.109(c)(1)(i)

All Class A, Class B, Class C explosives, and special
industrial explosives, and any newly developed and unclassified
explosives, shall be kept in magazines which meet the requirements of this
paragraph.
1910.109(c)(1)(ii)

Blasting caps, electric blasting caps, detonating primers,
and primed cartridges shall not be stored in the same magazine with other
explosives.
1910.109(c)(1)(iii)

Ground around magazines shall slope away for drainage. The
land surrounding magazines shall be kept clear of brush, dried grass,
leaves, and other materials for a distance of at least 25 feet.
1910.109(c)(1)(iv)

Magazines as required by this paragraph shall be of two
classes; namely, Class I magazines, and Class II magazines.
1910.109(c)(1)(v)

Class I magazines shall be required where the quantity of
explosives stored is more than 50 pounds. Class II magazines may be used
where the quantity of explosives stored is 50 pounds or less.
1910.109(c)(1)(vi)

Class I magazines shall be located away from other
magazines in conformity with Table H-21.

TABLE H-21-AMERICAN TABLE OF DISTANCES FOR STORAGE OF EXPLOSIVES
(Footnotes 1-5)
[As revised and approved by the Institute of Makers of
Explosives, June 5, 1964]
___________________________________________________________
|
Explosives | Distances in feet when
_________________________________| storage is barricaded:
| | Separation of magazines
Pounds over | Pounds not over |
______________|__________________|_________________________
| |
2 | 5 | 6
5 | 10 | 8
10 | 20 | 10
20 | 30 | 11
30 | 40 | 12
40 | 50 | 14
50 | 75 | 15
75 | 100 | 16
100 | 125 | 18
125 | 150 | 19
150 | 200 | 21
200 | 250 | 23
250 | 300 | 24
300 | 400 | 27
400 | 500 | 29
500 | 600 | 31
600 | 700 | 32
700 | 800 | 33
800 | 900 | 35
900 | 1,000 | 36
1,000 | 1,200 | 39
1,200 | 1,400 | 41
1,400 | 1,600 | 43
1,600 | 1,800 | 44
1,800 | 2,000 | 45
2,000 | 2,500 | 49
2,500 | 3,000 | 52
3,000 | 4,000 | 58
4,000 | 5,000 | 61
5,000 | 6,000 | 65
6,000 | 7,000 | 68
7,000 | 8,000 | 72
8,000 | 9,000 | 75
9,000 | 10,000 | 78
10,000 | 12,000 | 82
12,000 | 14,000 | 87
14,000 | 16,000 | 90
16,000 | 18,000 | 94
18,000 | 20,000 | 98
20,000 | 25,000 | 105
25,000 | 30,000 | 112
30,000 | 35,000 | 119
35,000 | 40,000 | 124
40,000 | 45,000 | 129
45,000 | 50,000 | 135
50,000 | 55,000 | 140
55,000 | 60,000 | 145
60,000 | 65,000 | 150
65,000 | 70,000 | 155
70,000 | 75,000 | 160
75,000 | 80,000 | 165
80,000 | 85,000 | 170
85,000 | 90,000 | 175
90,000 | 95,000 | 180
95,000 | 100,000 | 185
100,000 | 110,000 | 195
110,000 | 120,000 | 205
120,000 | 130,000 | 215
130,000 | 140,000 | 225
140,000 | 150,000 | 235
150,000 | 160,000 | 245
160,000 | 170,000 | 255
170,000 | 180,000 | 265
180,000 | 190,000 | 275
190,000 | 200,000 | 285
200,000 | 210,000 | 295
210,000 | 230,000 | 315
230,000 | 250,000 | 335
250,000 | 275,000 | 360
275,000 | 300,000 | 385
______________|__________________|_________________________
Footnote(1) "Natural barricade" means natural features of the
ground, such as hills, or timber of sufficient density that the
surrounding exposures which require protection cannot be seen from
the magazine when the trees are bare of leaves.
Footnote(2) "Artificial barricade" means an artificial mound or
revetted wall of earth of a minimum thickness of three feet.
Footnote(3) "Barricaded" means that a building containing
explosives is effectually screened from a magazine, building,
railway, or highway, either by a natural barricade, or by an
artificial barricade of such height that a straight line from the top
of any sidewall of the building containing explosives to the eave
line of any magazine, or building, or to a point 12 feet above the
center of a railway or highway, will pass through such intervening
natural or artificial barricade.
Footnote(4) When two or more storage magazines are located on the
same property, each magazine must comply with the minimum distances
specified from inhabited buildings, railways, and highways, and in
addition, they should be separated from each other by not less than
the distances shown for "Separation of Magazines," except that the
quantity of explosives contained in cap magazines shall govern in
regard to the spacing of said cap magazines from magazines containing
other explosives. If any two or more magazines are separated from
each other by less than the specified "Separation of Magazines"
distances, then such two or more magazines, as a group, must be
considered as one magazine, and the total quantity of explosives
stored in such group must be treated as if stored in a single
magazine located on the site of any magazine of the group, and must
comply with the minimum of distances specified from other magazines,
inhabited buildings, railways, and highways.
Footnote(5) This table applies only to the permanent storage of
commercial explosives. It is not applicable to transportation of
explosives, or any handling or temporary storage necessary or incident
thereto. It is not intended to apply to bombs, projectiles, or other
heavily encased explosives.

..1910.109(c)(1)(vii)

1910.109(c)(1)(vii)

Except as provided in subdivision (viii) of this
subparagraph, class II magazines shall be located in conformity with Table
H-21, but may be permitted in warehouses and in wholesale and retail
establishments when located on a floor which has an entrance at outside
grade level and the magazine is located not more than 10 feet from such an
entrance. Two class II magazines may be located in the same building when
one is used only for blasting caps in quantities not in excess of 5,000
caps and a distance of 10 feet is maintained between magazines.
1910.109(c)(1)(viii)

When used for temporary storage at a site for blasting
operations, class II magazines shall be located away from other magazines.
A distance of at least one hundred and fifty (150) feet shall be
maintained between class II magazines and the work in progress when the
quantity of explosives kept therein is in excess of 25 pounds, and at
least 50 feet when the quantity of explosives is 25 pounds, or less.
1910.109(c)(1)(ix)

This paragraph (c) does not apply to:
1910.109(c)(1)(ix)(a)

Stocks of small arms ammunition, propellant-actuated power
cartridges, small arms ammunition primers in quantities of less than
750,000, or of smokeless propellants in quantities less than 750
pounds;
1910.109(c)(1)(ix)(b)

Explosive-actuated power devices when in quantities less
than 50 pounds net weight of
explosives;
1910.109(c)(1)(ix)(c)

Fuse lighters and fuse igniters;
1910.109(c)(1)(ix)(d)

Safety fuses other than cordeau detonant
fuses.
..1910.109(c)(2)

1910.109(c)(2)

"Construction of magazines - general."
1910.109(c)(2)(i)

Magazines shall be constructed in conformity with the
provisions of this paragraph.
1910.109(c)(2)(ii)

Magazines for the storage of explosives, other than black
powder, Class B and Class C explosives shall be bullet resistant, weather
resistant, fire resistant, and ventilated sufficiently to protect the
explosive in the specific locality. Magazines used only for storage of
black powder, Class B and Class C explosives shall be weather resistant,
fire-resistant, and have ventilation. Magazines for storage of blasting
and electric blasting caps shall be weather resistant, fire-resistant, and
ventilated.
1910.109(c)(2)(iii)

Property upon which Class I magazines are located and
property where Class II magazines are located outside of buildings shall
be posted with signs reading "Explosives-Keep Off."
1910.109(c)(2)(iv)

Magazines requiring heat shall be heated by either
hot-water radiant heating with the magazine building; or air directed into
the magazine building over either hot water or low pressure steam (15
p.s.i.g.) coils located outside the magazine building.
1910.109(c)(2)(v)

The magazine heating systems shall meet the following
requirements:
..1910.109(c)(2)(v)(a)

1910.109(c)(2)(v)(a)

The radiant heating coils within the building shall be
installed in such a manner that the explosives or explosives containers
cannot contact the coils and air is free to circulate between the coils
and the explosives or explosives containers.
1910.109(c)(2)(v)(b)

The heating ducts shall be installed in such a manner that
the hot-air discharge from the duct is not directed against the explosives
or explosives containers.
1910.109(c)(2)(v)(c)

The heating device used in connection with a magazine
shall have controls which prevent the ambient building temperature from
exceeding 130 deg. F.
1910.109(c)(2)(v)(d)

The electric fan or pump used in the heating system for a
magazine shall be mounted outside and separate from the wall of the
magazine and shall be grounded.
1910.109(c)(2)(v)(e)

The electric fan motor and the controls for electrical
heating devices used in heating water or steam shall have overloads and
disconnects, which comply with subpart S of this part. All electrical
switch gear shall be located a minimum distance of 25 feet from the
magazine.
1910.109(c)(2)(v)(f)

The heating source for water or steam shall be separated
from the magazine by a distance of not less than 25 feet when electrical
and 50 feet when fuel fired. The area between the heating unit and the
magazine shall be cleared of all combustible
materials.
..1910.109(c)(2)(v)(g)

1910.109(c)(2)(v)(g)

The storage of explosives and explosives containers in the
magazine shall allow uniform air circulation so product temperature
uniformity can be maintained.
1910.109(c)(2)(vi)

When lights are necessary inside the magazine, electric
safety flashlight, or electric safety lanterns shall be used.
1910.109(c)(3)

"Construction of Class I magazines."
1910.109(c)(3)(i)

Class I magazines shall be of masonry construction or of
wood or of metal construction, or a combination of these types. Thickness
of masonry units shall not be less than 8 inches. Hollow masonry units
used in construction required to be bullet resistant shall have all hollow
spaces filled with weak cement or well-tamped sand. Wood constructed
walls, required to be bullet resistant, shall have at least a 6-inch space
between interior and exterior sheathing and the space between sheathing
shall be filled with well-tamped sand. Metal wall construction, when
required to be bullet resistant, shall be lined with brick at least 4
inches in thickness or shall have at least a 6-inch sandfill between
interior and exterior walls.
1910.109(c)(3)(ii)

Floors and roofs of masonry magazines may be of wood
construction. Wood floors shall be tongue and grooved lumber having a
nominal thickness of 1 inch.
..1910.109(c)(3)(iii)

1910.109(c)(3)(iii)

Roofs required to be bullet resistant shall be protected
by a sand tray located at the line of eaves and covering the entire area
except that necessary for ventilation. Sand in the sand tray shall be
maintained at a depth of not less than 4 inches.
1910.109(c)(3)(iv)

All wood at the exterior of magazines, including eaves,
shall be protected by being covered with black or galvanized steel or
aluminum metal of thickness of not less than No. 26 gage. All nails
exposed to the interior of magazines shall be well countersunk.
1910.109(c)(3)(v)

Foundations for magazines shall be of substantial
construction and arranged to provide good cross ventilation.
1910.109(c)(3)(vi)

Magazines shall be ventilated sufficiently to prevent
dampness and heating of stored explosives. Ventilating openings shall be
screened to prevent the entrance of sparks.
1910.109(c)(3)(vii)

Openings to magazines shall be restricted to that
necessary for the placement and removal of stocks of explosives. Doors for
openings in magazines for Class A explosives shall be bullet resistant.
Doors for magazines not required to be bullet resistant shall be designed
to prevent unauthorized entrance to the magazine.
1910.109(c)(3)(viii)

[Reserved]
..1910.109(c)(3)(ix)

1910.109(c)(3)(ix)

Provisions shall be made to prevent the piling of stocks
of explosives directly against masonry walls, brick-lined or sand-filled
metal walls and single-thickness metal walls; such protection, however,
shall not interfere with proper ventilation at the interior of side and
end walls.
1910.109(c)(4)

"Construction of Class II magazines."
1910.109(c)(4)(i)

Class II magazines shall be of wood or metal construction,
or a combination thereof.
1910.109(c)(4)(ii)

Wood magazines of this class shall have sides, bottom, and
cover constructed of 2-inch hardwood boards well braced at corners and
protected by being entirely covered with sheet metal of not less than No.
20 gage. All nails exposed to the interior of the magazine shall be well
countersunk. All metal magazines of this class shall have sides, bottom,
and cover constructed of sheet metal, and shall be lined with
three-eighths-inch plywood or equivalent. Edges of metal covers shall
overlap sides at least 1 inch.
1910.109(c)(4)(iii)

Covers for both wood- and metal-constructed magazines of
this class shall be provided with substantial strap hinges and shall be
provided with substantial means for
locking.
..1910.109(c)(4)(iv)

1910.109(c)(4)(iv)

Magazines of this class shall be painted red and shall
bear lettering in white, on all sides and top, at least 3 inches high,
"Explosives - Keep Fire Away." Class II magazines when located in
warehouses, and in wholesale and retail establishments shall be provided
with substantial wheels or casters to facilitate easy removal in the case
of fire. Where necessary due to climatic conditions, Class II magazines
shall be ventilated.
1910.109(c)(5)

"Storage within
magazines."
1910.109(c)(5)(i)

Packages of explosives shall be laid flat with top side
up. Black powder when stored in magazines with other explosives shall be
stored separately. Black powder stored in kegs shall be stored on ends,
bungs down, or on side, seams down. Corresponding grades and brands shall
be stored together in such a manner that brands and grade marks show. All
stocks shall be stored so as to be easily counted and checked. Packages of
explosives shall be piled in a stable manner. When any kind of explosive
is removed from a magazine for use, the oldest explosive of that
particular kind shall always be taken first.
1910.109(c)(5)(ii)

Packages of explosives shall not be unpacked or repacked
in a magazine nor within 50 feet of a magazine or in close proximity to
other explosives. Tools used for opening packages of explosives shall be
constructed of nonsparking materials, except that metal slitters may be
used for opening fiberboard boxes. A wood wedge and a fiber, rubber, or
wood mallet shall be used for opening or closing wood packages of
explosives. Opened packages of explosives shall be securely closed before
being returned to a magazine.
1910.109(c)(5)(iii)

Magazines shall not be used for the storage of any metal
tools nor any commodity except explosives, but this restriction shall not
apply to the storage of blasting agents and blasting
supplies.
..1910.109(c)(5)(iv)

1910.109(c)(5)(iv)

Magazine floors shall be regularly swept, kept clean, dry,
free of grit, paper, empty used packages, and rubbish. Brooms and other
cleaning utensils shall not have any spark-producing metal parts.
Sweepings from floors of magazines shall be properly disposed of. Magazine
floors stained with nitroglycerin shall be cleaned according to
instructions by the manufacturer.
1910.109(c)(5)(v)

When any explosive has deteriorated to an extent that it
is in an unstable or dangerous condition, or if nitroglycerin leaks from
any explosives, then the person in possession of such explosive shall
immediately proceed to destroy such explosive in accordance with the
instructions of the manufacturer. Only experienced persons shall be
allowed to do the work of destroying explosives.
1910.109(c)(5)(vi)

When magazines need inside repairs, all explosives shall
be removed therefrom and the floors cleaned. In making outside repairs, if
there is a possibility of causing sparks or fire the explosives shall be
removed from the magazine. Explosives removed from a magazine under repair
shall either be placed in another magazine or placed a safe distance from
the magazine where they shall be properly guarded and protected until
repairs have been completed, when they shall be returned to the
magazine.
1910.109(c)(5)(vii)

Smoking, matches, open flames, spark-producing devices,
and firearms (except firearms carried by guards) shall not be permitted
inside of or within 50 feet of magazines. The land surrounding a magazine
shall be kept clear of all combustible materials for a distance of at
least 25 feet. Combustible materials shall not be stored within 50 feet of
magazines.
..1910.109(c)(5)(viii)

1910.109(c)(5)(viii)

Magazines shall be in the charge of a competent person at
all times and who shall be held responsible for the enforcement of all
safety precautions.
1910.109(c)(5)(ix)

Explosives recovered from blasting misfires shall be
placed in a separate magazine until competent personnel has determined
from the manufacturer the method of disposal. Caps recovered from blasting
misfires shall not be reused. Such explosives and caps shall then be
disposed of in the manner recommended by the manufacturer.
1910.109(d)

"Transportation of
explosives".
1910.109(d)(1)

"General provisions."
1910.109(d)(1)(i)

No employee shall be allowed to smoke, carry matches or
any other flame-producing device, or carry any firearms or loaded
cartridges while in or near a motor vehicle transporting explosives; or
drive, load, or unload such vehicle in a careless or reckless manner.
1910.109(d)(1)(ii)

[Reserved]
..1910.109(d)(1)(iii)

1910.109(d)(1)(iii)

Explosives shall not be transferred from one vehicle to
another within the confines of any jurisdiction (city, county, State, or
other area) without informing the fire and police departments thereof. In
the event of breakdown or collision the local fire and police departments
shall be promptly notified to help safeguard such emergencies. Explosives
shall be transferred from the disabled vehicle to another only, when
proper and qualified supervision is provided.
1910.109(d)(1)(iv)

Blasting caps or electric blasting caps shall not be
transported over the highways on the same vehicles with other explosives,
unless packaged, segregated, and transported in accordance with the
Department of Transportation's Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR
parts 177-180).
1910.109(d)(2)

"Transportation vehicles."
1910.109(d)(2)(i)

Vehicles used for transporting explosives shall be strong
enough to carry the load without difficulty and be in good mechanical
condition. If vehicles do not have a closed body, the body shall be
covered with a flameproof and moistureproof tarpaulin or other effective
protection against moisture and sparks. All vehicles used for the
transportation of explosives shall have tight floors and any exposed
spark-producing metal on the inside of the body shall be covered with wood
or other nonsparking materials to prevent contact with packages of
explosives. Packages of explosives shall not be loaded above the sides of
an open-body vehicle.
1910.109(d)(2)(ii)

Every vehicle used for transporting explosives and
oxidizing materials listed in paragraph (d)(2)(ii)(a) of this section
shall be marked as follows:
1910.109(d)(2)(ii)(a)

Exterior markings or placards required on applicable
vehicles shall be as follows for the various classes of commodities:

_________________________________________________________________
|
Commodity | Type of marking or placard
____________________________________|____________________________
|
Explosives, Class A, any quantity | Explosives A (Red letters
or a combination of Class A and | on white background).
Class B explosives. |
Explosives, Class B, and quantity. | Explosives B (Red letters
| on white background).
Oxidizing material (blasting | Oxidizers (Yellow letters
agents, ammonium nitrate, etc.), | on black background).
1,000 pounds or more gross |
weight. |
____________________________________|____________________________

..1910.109(d)(2)(ii)(b)

1910.109(d)(2)(ii)(b)

[Reserved]
1910.109(d)(2)(ii)(c)

Such markings or placards shall be displayed at the front,
rear, and on each side of the motor vehicle or trailer, or other cargo
carrying body while it contains explosives or other dangerous articles of
such type and in such quantity as specified in paragraph (d)(1)(ii)(a) of
this subdivision. The front marking or placard may be displayed on the
front of either the truck, truck body, truck tractor or the trailer.
1910.109(d)(2)(ii)(d)

Any motor vehicle, trailer, or other cargo-carrying body
containing more than one kind of explosive as well as an oxidizing
material requiring a placard under the provisions of paragraph
(d)(2)(ii)(a), the aggregate gross weight of which totals 1,000 pounds or
more, shall be marked or placarded "Dangerous" as well as "Explosive A" or
"Explosive B" as appropriate. If explosives Class A and explosives Class B
are loaded on the same vehicle, the "Explosives B" marking need not be
displayed.
1910.109(d)(2)(ii)(e)

In any combination of two or more vehicles containing
explosives or other dangerous articles each vehicle shall be marked or
placarded as to its contents and in accordance with paragraphs (d)(2)(ii)
(a) and (c) of this subdivision.
..1910.109(d)(2)(iii)

1910.109(d)(2)(iii)

Each motor vehicle used for transporting explosives shall
be equipped with a minimum of two extinguishers, each having a rating of
at least 10-BC.
1910.109(d)(2)(iii)(a)

Only extinguishers listed or approved by a nationally
recognized testing laboratory shall be deemed suitable for use on
explosives-carrying vehicles. Refer to 1910.155(c)(3)(iv)(A) for
definition of listed and 1910.7 for nationally recognized testing
laboratory.
1910.109(d)(2)(iii)(b)

Extinguishers shall be filled and ready for immediate use
and located near the driver's seat. Extinguishers shall be examined
periodically by a competent person.
1910.109(d)(2)(iv)

A motor vehicle used for transporting explosives shall be
given the following inspection to determine that it is in proper condition
for safe transportation of explosives:
1910.109(d)(2)(iv)(a)

Fire extinguishers shall be filled and in working
order.
1910.109(d)(2)(iv)(b)

All electrical wiring shall be completely protected and
securely fastened to prevent short-circuiting.
1910.109(d)(2)(iv)(c)

Chassis, motor, pan, and underside of body shall be
reasonably clean and free of excess oil and grease.
1910.109(d)(2)(iv)(d)

Fuel tank and feedline shall be secure and have no
leaks.
..1910.109(d)(2)(iv)(e)

1910.109(d)(2)(iv)(e)

Brakes, lights, horn, windshield wipers, and steering
apparatus shall function properly.
1910.109(d)(2)(iv)(f)

Tires shall be checked for proper inflation and
defects.
1910.109(d)(2)(iv)(g)

The vehicle shall be in proper condition in every other
respect and acceptable for handling
explosives.
1910.109(d)(3)

"Operation of transportation vehicles."
1910.109(d)(3)(i)

Vehicles transporting explosives shall only be driven by
and be in the charge of a driver who is familiar with the traffic
regulations, State laws, and the provisions of this section.
1910.109(d)(3)(ii)

Except under emergency conditions, no vehicle transporting
explosives shall be parked before reaching its destination, even though
attended, on any public street adjacent to or in proximity to any place
where people work.
..1910.109(d)(3)(iii)

1910.109(d)(3)(iii)

Every motor vehicle transporting any quantity of Class A
or Class B explosives shall, at all times, be attended by a driver or
other attendant of the motor carrier. This attendant shall have been made
aware of the class of the explosive material in the vehicle and of its
inherent dangers, and shall have been instructed in the measures and
procedures to be followed in order to protect the public from those
dangers. He shall have been made familiar with the vehicle he is assigned,
and shall be trained, supplied with the necessary means, and authorized to
move the vehicle when required.
1910.109(d)(3)(iii)(a)

For the purpose of this subdivision, a motor vehicle shall
be deemed "attended" only when the driver or other attendant is physically
on or in the vehicle, or has the vehicle within his field of vision and
can reach it quickly and without any kind of interference "attended" also
means that the driver or attendant is awake, alert, and not engaged in
other duties or activities which may divert his attention from the
vehicle, except for necessary communication with public officers, or
representatives of the carrier shipper, or consignee, or except for
necessary absence from the vehicle to obtain food or to provide for his
physical comfort.
1910.109(d)(3)(iii)(b)

However, an explosive-laden vehicle may be left unattended
if parked within a securely fenced or walled area with all gates or
entrances locked where parking of such vehicle is otherwise permissible,
or at a magazine site established solely for the purpose of storing
explosives.
1910.109(d)(3)(iv)

No spark-producing metal, spark-producing metal tools,
oils, matches, firearms, electric storage batteries, flammable substances,
acids, oxidizing materials, or corrosive compounds shall be carried in the
body of any motor truck and/or vehicle transporting explosives, unless the
loading of such dangerous articles and the explosives comply with U.S.
Department of Transportation
regulations.
..1910.109(d)(3)(v)

1910.109(d)(3)(v)

Vehicles transporting explosives shall avoid congested
areas and heavy traffic. Where routes through congested areas have been
designated by local authorities such routes shall be followed.
1910.109(d)(3)(vi)

Delivery shall only be made to authorized persons and into
authorized magazines or authorized temporary storage or handling
areas.
1910.109(e)

"Use of explosives and blasting agents".
1910.109(e)(1)

"General provisions."
1910.109(e)(1)(i)

While explosives are being handled or used, smoking shall
not be permitted and no one near the explosives shall possess matches,
open light or other fire or flame. No person shall be allowed to handle
explosives while under the influence of intoxicating liquors, narcotics,
or other dangerous drugs.
1910.109(e)(1)(ii)

Original containers or Class II magazines shall be used
for taking detonators and other explosives from storage magazines to the
blasting area.
1910.109(e)(1)(iii)

When blasting is done in congested areas or in close
proximity to a structure, or any other installation that may be damaged,
the blast shall be covered before firing with a mat constructed so that it
is capable of preventing fragments from being
thrown.
..1910.109(e)(1)(iv)

1910.109(e)(1)(iv)

Persons authorized to prepare explosive charges or conduct
blasting operations shall use every reasonable precaution, including but
not limited to warning signals, flags, barricades, or woven wire mats to
insure the safety of the general public and workmen.
1910.109(e)(1)(v)

Blasting operations shall be conducted during daylight
hours.
1910.109(e)(1)(vi)

Whenever blasting is being conducted in the vicinity of
gas, electric, water, fire alarm, telephone, telegraph, and steam
utilities, the blaster shall notify the appropriate representatives of
such utilities at least 24 hours in advance of blasting, specifying the
location and intended time of such blasting. Verbal notice shall be
confirmed with written notice.
1910.109(e)(1)(vii)

Due precautions shall be taken to prevent accidental
discharge of electric blasting caps from current induced by radar, radio
transmitters, lightning, adjacent powerlines, dust storms, or other
sources of extraneous electricity. These precautions shall include:
1910.109(e)(1)(vii)(a)

The suspension of all blasting operations and removal of
persons from the blasting area during the approach and progress of an
electric storm.
1910.109(e)(1)(vii)(b)

The posting of signs warning against the use of mobile
radio transmitters on all roads within 350 feet of the blasting
operations.
..1910.109(e)(2)

1910.109(e)(2)

"Storage at use sites."
1910.109(e)(2)(i)

Empty containers and paper and fiber packing materials
which have previously contained explosive materials shall be disposed of
in a safe manner, or reused in accordance with the Department of
Transportation's Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR parts
177-180).
1910.109(e)(2)(ii)

Containers of explosives shall not be opened in any
magazine or within 50 feet of any magazine. In opening kegs or wooden
cases, no sparking metal tools shall be used; wooden wedges and either
wood, fiber or rubber mallets shall be used. Nonsparking metallic slitters
may be used for opening fiberboard
cases.
1910.109(e)(2)(iii)

Explosives or blasting equipment that are obviously
deteriorated or damaged shall not be
used.
1910.109(e)(2)(iv)

No explosives shall be abandoned.
1910.109(e)(3)

"Loading of explosives in blast holes."
1910.109(e)(3)(i)

All drill holes shall be sufficiently large to admit
freely the insertion of the cartridges of explosives.
1910.109(e)(3)(ii)

Tamping shall be done only with wood rods without exposed
metal parts, but nonsparking metal connectors may be used for jointed
poles. Violent tamping shall be avoided. Primed cartridges shall not be
tamped.
..1910.109(e)(3)(iii)

1910.109(e)(3)(iii)

When loading blasting agents pneumatically over electric
blasting caps, semiconductive delivery hose shall be used and the
equipment shall be bonded and grounded.
1910.109(e)(3)(iv)

No holes shall be loaded except those to be fired in the
next round of blasting. After loading, all remaining explosives shall be
immediately returned to an authorized magazine.
1910.109(e)(3)(v)

Drilling shall not be started until all remaining butts of
old holes are examined with a wooden stick for unexploded charges, and if
any are found, they shall be refired before work proceeds.
1910.109(e)(3)(vi)

No person shall be allowed to deepen drill holes which
have contained explosives.
1910.109(e)(3)(vii)

After loading for a blast is completed, all excess
blasting caps or electric blasting caps and other explosives shall
immediately be returned to their separate storage magazines.
1910.109(e)(4)

"Initiation of explosive charges."
1910.109(e)(4)(i)

[Reserved]
1910.109(e)(4)(ii)

When fuse is used, the blasting cap shall be securely
attached to the safety fuse with a standard-ring type cap crimper. All
primers shall be assembled at least 50 feet from any
magazine.
..1910.109(e)(4)(iii)

1910.109(e)(4)(iii)

Primers shall be made up only as required for each round
of blasting.
1910.109(e)(4)(iv)

No blasting cap shall be inserted in the explosives
without first making a hole in the cartridge for the cap with a wooden
punch of proper size or standard cap crimper.
1910.109(e)(4)(v)

Explosives shall not be extracted from a hole that has
once been charged or has misfired unless it is impossible to detonate the
unexploded charge by insertion of a fresh additional primer.
1910.109(e)(4)(vi)

If there are any misfires while using cap and fuse, all
persons shall be required to remain away from the charge for at least 1
hour. If electric blasting caps are used and a misfire occurs, this
waiting period may be reduced to 30 minutes. Misfires shall be handled
under the direction of the person in charge of the blasting and all wires
shall be carefully traced and search made for unexploded charges.
1910.109(e)(4)(vii)

Blasters, when testing circuits to charged holes, shall
use only blasting galvanometers designed for this purpose.
1910.109(e)(4)(viii)

Only the employee making leading wire connections in
electrical firing shall be allowed to fire the shot. Leading wires shall
remain shorted and not be connected to the blasting machine or other
source of current until the charge is to be
fired.
..1910.109(e)(5)

1910.109(e)(5)

"Warning required." Before a blast is fired, the employer
shall require that a loud warning signal be given by the person in charge,
who has made certain that all surplus explosives are in a safe place, all
persons and vehicles are at a safe distance or under sufficient cover, and
that an adequate warning has been given.
1910.109(f)

"Explosives at piers, railway stations, and cars or
vessels not otherwise specified in this standard" -
1910.109(f)(1)

"Railway cars." Except in an emergency and with permission
of the local authority, no person shall have or keep explosives in a
railway car unless said car and contents and methods of loading are in
accordance with the U.S. Department of Transportation Regulations for the
Transportation of Explosives, 49 CFR Chapter
I.
1910.109(f)(2)

"Packing and marking." No person shall deliver any
explosive to any carrier unless such explosive conforms in all respects,
including marking and packing, to the U.S. Department of Transportation
Regulations for the Transportation of Explosives.
1910.109(f)(3)

"Marking cars." Every railway car containing explosives
which has reached its designation, or is stopped in transit so as no
longer to be in interstate commerce, shall have attached to both sides and
ends of the car, cards with the words "Explosives-Handle Carefully-Keep
Fire Away" in red letters at least 1 1/2 inches high on a white
background.
..1910.109(f)(4)

1910.109(f)(4)

"Storage." Any explosives at a railway facility, truck
terminal, pier, wharf harbor facility, or airport terminal whether for
delivery to a consignee, or forwarded to some other destination shall be
kept in a safe place, isolated as far as practicable and in such manner
that they can be easily and quickly removed.
1910.109(f)(5)

"Hours of transfer." Explosives shall not be delivered to
or received from any railway station, truck terminal, pier, wharf, harbor
facility, or airport terminal between the hours of sunset and sunrise.
1910.109(g)

"Blasting agents".
1910.109(g)(1)

"General." Unless otherwise set forth in this paragraph,
blasting agents, excluding water gels, shall be transported, stored, and
used in the same manner as explosives. Water gels are covered in paragraph
(h) of this section.
1910.109(g)(2)

"Fixed location mixing."
1910.109(g)(2)(i)

[Reserved]
1910.109(g)(2)(ii)

Buildings used for the mixing of blasting agents shall
conform to the requirements of this section.
1910.109(g)(2)(ii)(a)

Buildings shall be of noncombustible construction or sheet
metal on wood studs.
1910.109(g)(2)(ii)(b)

Floors in a mixing plant shall be of concrete or of other
nonabsorbent materials.
..1910.109(g)(2)(ii)(c)

1910.109(g)(2)(ii)(c)

All fuel oil storage facilities shall be separated from
the mixing plant and located in such a manner that in case of tank
rupture, the oil will drain away from the mixing plant building.
1910.109(g)(2)(ii)(d)

The building shall be well ventilated.
1910.109(g)(2)(ii)(e)

Heating units which do not depend on combustion processes,
when properly designed and located, may be used in the building. All
direct sources of heat shall be provided exclusively from units located
outside the mixing building.
1910.109(g)(2)(ii)(f)

All internal-combustion engines used for electric power
generation shall be located outside the mixing plant building, or shall be
properly ventilated and isolated by a firewall. The exhaust systems on all
such engines shall be located so any spark emission cannot be a hazard to
any materials in or adjacent to the
plant.
1910.109(g)(2)(iii)

Equipment used for mixing blasting agents shall conform to
the requirements of this subdivision.
1910.109(g)(2)(iii)(a)

The design of the mixer shall minimize the possibility of
frictional heating, compaction, and especially confinement. All bearings
and drive assemblies shall be mounted outside the mixer and protected
against the accumulation of dust. All surfaces shall be accessible for
cleaning.
..1910.109(g)(2)(iii)(b)

1910.109(g)(2)(iii)(b)

Mixing and packaging equipment shall be constructed of
materials compatible with the fuel-ammonium nitrate composition.
1910.109(g)(2)(iii)(c)

Suitable means shall be provided to prevent the flow of
fuel oil to the mixer in case of fire. In gravity flow systems an
automatic spring-loaded shutoff valve with fusible link shall be
installed.
1910.109(g)(2)(iv)

The provisions of this subdivision shall be considered
when determining blasting agent compositions.
1910.109(g)(2)(iv)(a)

The sensitivity of the blasting agent shall be determined
by means of a No. 8 test blasting cap at regular intervals and after every
change in formulation.
1910.109(g)(2)(iv)(b)

Oxidizers of small particle size, such as crushed ammonium
nitrate prills or fines, may be more sensitive than coarser products and
shall, therefore, be handled with greater care.
1910.109(g)(2)(iv)(c)

No hydrocarbon liquid fuel with flashpoint lower than that
of No. 2 diesel fuel oil 125 deg. F. minimum shall be used.
1910.109(g)(2)(iv)(d)

Crude oil and crankcase oil shall not be
used.
..1910.109(g)(2)(iv)(e)

1910.109(g)(2)(iv)(e)

Metal powders such as aluminum shall be kept dry and shall
be stored in containers or bins which are moisture-resistant or
weathertight. Solid fuels shall be used in such manner as to minimize dust
explosion hazards.
1910.109(g)(2)(iv)(f)

Peroxides and chlorates shall not be used.
1910.109(g)(2)(v)

All electrical switches, controls, motors, and lights
located in the mixing room shall conform to the requirements in subpart S
of this part for Class II, Division 2 locations; otherwise they shall be
located outside the mixing room. The frame of the mixer and all other
equipment that may be used shall be electrically bonded and be provided
with a continuous path to the ground.
1910.109(g)(2)(vi)

Safety precautions at mixing plants shall include the
requirements of this subdivision.
1910.109(g)(2)(vi)(a)

Floors shall be constructed so as to eliminate floor
drains and piping into which molten materials could flow and be confined
in case of fire.
1910.109(g)(2)(vi)(b)

The floors and equipment of the mixing and packaging room
shall be cleaned regularly and thoroughly to prevent accumulation of
oxidizers or fuels and other sensitizers.
1910.109(g)(2)(vi)(c)

The entire mixing and packaging plant shall be cleaned
regularly and thoroughly to prevent excessive accumulation of
dust.
..1910.109(g)(2)(vi)(d)

1910.109(g)(2)(vi)(d)

Smoking, matches, open flames, spark-producing devices,
and firearms (except firearms carried by guards) shall not be permitted
inside of or within 50 feet of any building or facility used for the
mixing of blasting agents.
1910.109(g)(2)(vi)(e)

The land surrounding the mixing plant shall be kept clear
of brush, dried grass, leaves, and other materials for a distance of at
least 25 feet.
1910.109(g)(2)(vi)(f)

Empty ammonium nitrate bags shall be disposed of daily in
a safe manner.
1910.109(g)(2)(vi)(g)

No welding shall be permitted or open flames used in or
around the mixing or storage area of the plant unless the equipment or
area has been completely washed down and all oxidizer material
removed.
1910.109(g)(2)(vi)(h)

Before welding or repairs to hollow shafts, all oxidizer
material shall be removed from the outside and inside of the shaft and the
shaft vented with a minimum one-half inch diameter opening.
1910.109(g)(2)(vi)(i)

Explosives shall not be permitted inside of or within 50
feet of any building or facility used for the mixing of blasting
agents.
1910.109(g)(3)

"Bulk delivery and mixing vehicles."
1910.109(g)(3)(i)

The provisions of this paragraph shall apply to
off-highway private operations as well as to all public highway
movements.
..1910.109(g)(3)(ii)

1910.109(g)(3)(ii)

A bulk vehicle body for delivering and mixing blasting
agents shall conform with the requirements of this paragraph (ii).
1910.109(g)(3)(ii)(a)

The body shall be constructed of noncombustible
materials.
1910.109(g)(3)(ii)(b)

Vehicles used to transport bulk premixed blasting agents
on public highways shall have closed bodies.
1910.109(g)(3)(ii)(c)

All moving parts of the mixing system shall be designed as
to prevent a heat buildup. Shafts or axles which contact the product shall
have outboard bearings with 1-inch minimum clearance between the bearings
and the outside of the product container. Particular attention shall be
given to the clearances on all moving parts.
1910.109(g)(3)(ii)(d)

A bulk delivery vehicle shall be strong enough to carry
the load without difficulty and be in good mechanical condition.
1910.109(g)(3)(iii)

Operation of bulk delivery vehicles shall conform to the
requirements of this subdivision. These include the placarding
requirements as specified by Department of Transportation.
1910.109(g)(3)(iii)(a)

The operator shall be trained in the safe operation of the
vehicle together with its mixing, conveying, and related equipment. The
employer shall assure that the operator is familiar with the commodities
being delivered and the general procedure for handling emergency
situations.
..1910.109(g)(3)(iii)(b)

1910.109(g)(3)(iii)(b)

The hauling of either blasting caps or other explosives
but not both, shall be permitted on bulk trucks provided that a special
wood or nonferrous-lined container is installed for the explosives. Such
blasting caps or other explosives shall be in DOT-specified shipping
containers: see 49 CFR Chapter I.
1910.109(g)(3)(iii)(c)

No person shall smoke, carry matches or any
flame-producing device, or carry any firearms while in or about bulk
vehicles effecting the mixing transfer or down-the-hole loading of
blasting agents at or near the blasting site.
1910.109(g)(3)(iii)(d)

Caution shall be exercised in the movement of the vehicle
in the blasting area to avoid driving the vehicle over or dragging hoses
over firing lines, cap wires, or explosive materials. The employer shall
assure that the driver, in moving the vehicle, has assistance of a second
person to guide his movements.
1910.109(g)(3)(iii)(e)

No intransit mixing of materials shall be performed.
1910.109(g)(3)(iv)

Pneumatic loading from bulk delivery vehicles into
blastholes primed with electric blasting caps or other static-sensitive
systems shall conform to the requirements of this subdivision.
1910.109(g)(3)(iv)(a)

A positive grounding device shall be used to prevent the
accumulation of static electricity.
1910.109(g)(3)(iv)(b)

A discharge hose shall be used that has a resistance range
that will prevent conducting stray currents, but that is conductive enough
to bleed off static buildup.
..1910.109(g)(3)(iv)(c)

1910.109(g)(3)(iv)(c)

A qualified person shall evaluate all systems to determine
if they will adequately dissipate static under potential field
conditions.
1910.109(g)(3)(v)

Repairs to bulk delivery vehicles shall conform to the
requirements of this section.
1910.109(g)(3)(v)(a)

No welding or open flames shall be used on or around any
part of the delivery equipment unless it has been completely washed down
and all oxidizer material removed.
1910.109(g)(3)(v)(b)

Before welding or making repairs to hollow shafts, the
shaft shall be thoroughly cleaned inside and out and vented with a minimum
one-half-inch diameter opening.
1910.109(g)(4)

"Bulk storage bins."
1910.109(g)(4)(i)

The bin, including supports, shall be constructed of
compatible materials, waterproof, and adequately supported and braced to
withstand the combination of all loads including impact forces arising
from product movement within the bin and accidental vehicle contact with
the support legs.
1910.109(g)(4)(ii)

The bin discharge gate shall be designed to provide a
closure tight enough to prevent leakage of the stored product. Provision
shall also be made so that the gate can be
locked.
..1910.109(g)(4)(iii)

1910.109(g)(4)(iii)

Bin loading manways or access hatches shall be hinged or
otherwise attached to the bin and be designed to permit locking.
1910.109(g)(4)(iv)

Any electrically driven conveyors for loading or unloading
bins shall conform to the requirements of subpart S of this part. They
shall be designed to minimize damage from corrosion.
1910.109(g)(4)(v)

Bins containing blasting agent shall be located, with
respect to inhabited buildings, passenger railroads, and public highways,
in accordance with Table H-21 and separation from other blasting agent
storage and explosives storage shall be in conformity with Table H-22.
1910.109(g)(4)(vi)

Bins containing ammonium nitrate shall be separated from
blasting agent storage and explosives storage in conformity with Table
H-22.

TABLE H-22 - TABLE OF RECOMMENDED SEPARATION DISTANCES OF
AMMONIUM NITRATE AND BLASTING AGENTS FROM EXPLOSIVES
OR BLASTING AGENTS (Footnotes 1-6)
__________________________________________________________
| |
Donor weight | Minimum separation | Minimum
___________________| distance of receptor | thickness
| | when barricaded(2)(ft.) | of
| |_________________________| artificial
Pounds | Pounds | | | barricades
over | not | Ammonium | Blasting | (5)(in.)
| over | nitrate(3) | agent(4) |
________|__________|____________|____________|____________
| | | |
| 100 | 3 | 11 | 12
100 | 300 | 4 | 14 | 12
300 | 600 | 5 | 18 | 12
600 | 1,000 | 6 | 22 | 12
1,000 | 1,600 | 7 | 25 | 12
1,600 | 2,000 | 8 | 29 | 12
2,000 | 3,000 | 9 | 32 | 15
3,000 | 4,000 | 10 | 36 | 15
4,000 | 6,000 | 11 | 40 | 15
6,000 | 8,000 | 12 | 43 | 20
8,000 | 10,000 | 13 | 47 | 20
10,000 | 12,000 | 14 | 50 | 20
12,000 | 16,000 | 15 | 54 | 25
16,000 | 20,000 | 16 | 58 | 25
20,000 | 25,000 | 18 | 65 | 25
25,000 | 30,000 | 19 | 68 | 30
30,000 | 35,000 | 20 | 72 | 30
35,000 | 40,000 | 21 | 76 | 30
40,000 | 45,000 | 22 | 79 | 35
45,000 | 50,000 | 23 | 83 | 35
50,000 | 55,000 | 24 | 86 | 35
55,000 | 60,000 | 25 | 90 | 35
60,000 | 70,000 | 26 | 94 | 40
70,000 | 80,000 | 28 | 101 | 40
80,000 | 90,000 | 30 | 108 | 40
90,000 | 100,000 | 32 | 115 | 40
100,000 | 120,000 | 34 | 122 | 50
120,000 | 140,000 | 37 | 133 | 50
140,000 | 160,000 | 40 | 144 | 50
160,000 | 180,000 | 44 | 158 | 50
180,000 | 200,000 | 48 | 173 | 50
200,000 | 220,000 | 52 | 187 | 60
220,000 | 250,000 | 56 | 202 | 60
250,000 | 275,000 | 60 | 216 | 60
275,000 | 300,000 | 64 | 230 | 60
________|__________|____________|____________|____________
Footnote(1) These distances apply to the separation of
stores only. Table H-21 shall be used in determining
separation distances from inhabited buildings, passenger
railways, and public highways.
Footnote(2) When the ammonium nitrate and/or blasting
agent is not barricaded, the distances shown in the table
shall be multiplied by six. These distances allow for the
possibility of high velocity metal fragments from mixers,
hoppers, truck bodies, sheet metal structures, metal
container, and the like which may enclose the "donor".
Where storage is in bullet-resistant magazines
recommended for explosives or where the storage is
protected by a bullet-resistant wall, distances, and
barricade thicknesses in excess of those prescribed in
Table H-21 are not required.
Footnote(3) The distances in the table apply to ammonium
nitrate that passes the insensitivity test prescribed in the
definition of ammonium nitrate fertilizer promulgated by the
National Plant Food Institute*; and ammonium nitrate failing
to pass said test shall be stored at separation distances
determined by competent persons. (*Definition and Test
Procedures for Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer, National Plant
Food Institute, November 1964.)
Footnote(4) These distances apply to nitro-carbo-nitrates
and blasting agents which pass the insensitivity test
prescribed in the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT)
regulations.
Footnote(5) Earth, or sand dikes, or enclosures filled
with the prescribed minimum thickness of earth or sand are
acceptable artificial barricades. Natural barricades, such
as hills or timber of sufficient density that the surrounding
exposures which require protection cannot be seen from the
"donor" when the trees are bare of leaves, are also acceptable.
Footnote(6) When the ammonium nitrate must be counted in
determining the distances to be maintained from inhabited
buildings, passenger railways and public highways, it may be
counted at one-half its actual weight because its blast effect
is lower.

1910.109(g)(4)(vi)(a)

Sketch location of all potential donor and acceptor
materials together with the maximum mass of material to be allowed in that
vicinity. (Potential donors are high explosives, blasting agents, and
combination of masses of detonating materials. Potential acceptors are
high explosives, blasting agents, and ammonium
nitrate.)
..1910.109(g)(4)(vi)(b)

1910.109(g)(4)(vi)(b)

Consider separately each donor mass in combination with
each acceptor mass. If the masses are closer than table allowance
(distances measured between nearest edges), the combination of masses
becomes a new potential donor of weight equal to the total mass. When
individual masses are considered as donors, distances to potential
acceptors shall be measured between edges. When combined masses within
propagating distance of each other are considered as a donor, the
appropriate distance to the edge of potential acceptors shall be computed
as a weighted distance from the combined masses.

Calculation of weighted distance from combined masses:

Let M2, M3 . . .
Mn be donor masses to be
combined.
M1 is a potential acceptor
mass.
D12 is distance from M1 to
M2 (edge to edge).
D13 is distance
from M1 to M3 (edge to edge), etc.

To find
weighted distance [D1(2,3 .
. . n)] from combined masses to M1,
add the products of the individual masses and distances and divide the
total by the sum of the masses thus:

D1(2,3 . . .
n)=M2 X D12 +
M3 X D12 . . . +
Mn X
D12M2 +
M3 . . . + Mn

Propagation is possible if either an individual donor mass
is less than the tabulated distance from an acceptor or a combined mass is
less than the weighted distance from an acceptor.
1910.109(g)(4)(vi)(c)

In determining the distances separating highways,
railroads, and inhabited buildings from potential explosions (as
prescribed in Table H-21), the sum of all masses which may propagate
(i.e., lie at distances less than prescribed in the Table) from "either"
individual or combined donor masses are included. However, when the
ammonium nitrate must be included, only 50 percent of its weight shall be
used because of its reduced blast effects. In applying Table H-21 to
distances from highways, railroads, and inhabited buildings, distances are
measured from the nearest edge of potentially explodable material as
prescribed in Table H-21, Note 5.
1910.109(g)(4)(vi)(d)

When all or part of a potential acceptor comprises
Explosives Class A as defined in DOT regulations, storage in
bullet-resistant magazines is required. Safe distances to stores in
bullet-resistant magazines may be obtained from the intermagazine
distances prescribed in Table H-21.
1910.109(g)(4)(vi)(e)

Barricades must not have line-of-sight openings between
potential donors and acceptors which permit blast or missiles to move
directly between masses.
..1910.109(g)(4)(vi)(f)

1910.109(g)(4)(vi)(f)

Good housekeeping practices shall be maintained around any
bin containing ammonium nitrate or blasting agent. This includes keeping
weeds and other combustible materials cleared within 25 feet of such bin.
Accumulation of spilled product on the ground shall be prevented.
1910.109(g)(5)

"Storage of blasting agents and supplies."
1910.109(g)(5)(i)

Blasting agents and oxidizers used for mixing of blasting
agents shall be stored in the manner set forth in this subdivision.
1910.109(g)(5)(i)(a)

Blasting agents or ammonium nitrate, when stored in
conjunction with explosives, shall be stored in the manner set forth in
paragraph (c) of this section for explosives. The mass of blasting agents
and one-half the mass of ammonium nitrate shall be included when computing
the total quantity of explosives for determining distance
requirements.
1910.109(g)(5)(i)(b)

Blasting agents, when stored entirely separate from
explosives, may be stored in the manner set forth in paragraph (c) of this
section or in one-story warehouses (without basements) which shall be:
1910.109(g)(5)(i)(b)(1)

Noncombustible or fire resistive;
1910.109(g)(5)(i)(b)(2)

Constructed so as to eliminate open floor drains and
piping into which molten materials could flow and be confined in case of
fire;
..1910.109(g)(5)(i)(b)(3)

1910.109(g)(5)(i)(b)(3)

Weather resistant;
1910.109(g)(5)(i)(b)(4)

Well ventilated; and
1910.109(g)(5)(i)(b)(5)

Equipped with a strong door kept securely locked except
when open for business.
1910.109(g)(5)(i)(c)

Semitrailer or full-trailer vans used for highway or
onsite transportation of the blasting agents are satisfactory for
temporarily storing these materials, provided they are located in
accordance with Table H-22 with respect to one another. Trailers shall be
provided with substantial means for locking, and the trailer doors shall
be kept locked, except during the time of placement and removal of stocks
of blasting agents.
1910.109(g)(5)(ii)

Warehouses used for the storage of blasting agents
separate from explosives shall be located as set forth in this
subdivision.
1910.109(g)(5)(ii)(a)

Warehouses used for the storage of blasting agents shall
be located in Table H-22 with respect to one
another.
..1910.109(g)(5)(ii)(b)

1910.109(g)(5)(ii)(b)

If both blasting agents and ammonium nitrate are handled
or stored within the distance limitations prescribed through paragraph
(g)(2) of this section, one-half the mass of the ammonium nitrate shall be
added to the mass of the blasting agent when computing the total quantity
of explosives for determining the proper distance for compliance with
Table H-21.
1910.109(g)(5)(iii)

Smoking, matches, open flames, spark producing devices,
and firearms are prohibited inside of or within 50 feet of any warehouse
used for the storage of blasting agents. Combustible materials shall not
be stored within 50 feet of warehouses used for the storage of blasting
agents.
1910.109(g)(5)(iv)

The interior of warehouses used for the storage of
blasting agents shall be kept clean and free from debris and empty
containers. Spilled materials shall be cleaned up promptly and safely
removed. Combustible materials, flammable liquids, corrosive acids,
chlorates, or nitrates shall not be stored in any warehouse used for
blasting agents unless separated therefrom by a fire resistive separation
of not less than 1 hour resistance. The provisions of this subdivision
shall not prohibit the storage of blasting agents together with
nonexplosive blasting supplies.
1910.109(g)(5)(v)

Piles of ammonium nitrate and warehouses containing
ammonium nitrate shall be adequately separated from readily combustible
fuels.
1910.109(g)(5)(vi)

Caked oxidizers, either in bags or in bulk, shall not be
loosened by blasting.
..1910.109(g)(5)(vii)

1910.109(g)(5)(vii)

Every warehouse used for the storage of blasting agents
shall be under the supervision of a competent person.
1910.109(g)(6)

"Transportation of packaged blasting agents."
1910.109(g)(6)(i)

When blasting agents are transported in the same vehicle
with explosives, all of the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section
shall be complied with.
1910.109(g)(6)(ii)

Vehicles transporting blasting agents shall only be driven
by and be in charge of a driver in possession of a valid motor vehicle
operator's license. Such a person shall also be familiar with the State's
vehicle and traffic laws.
1910.109(g)(6)(iii)

No matches, firearms, acids, or other corrosive liquids
shall be carried in the bed or body of any vehicle containing blasting
agents.
1910.109(g)(6)(iv)

No person shall be permitted to ride upon, drive, load, or
unload a vehicle containing blasting agents while smoking or under the
influence of intoxicants, narcotics, or other dangerous drugs.
1910.109(g)(6)(v)

[Reserved]
1910.109(g)(6)(vi)

Vehicles transporting blasting agents shall be in safe
operating condition at all times.
..1910.109(g)(7)

1910.109(g)(7)

"Use of blasting agents." Persons using blasting agents
shall comply with all of the applicable provisions of paragraph (e) of
this section.
1910.109(h)

"Water gel (Slurry) explosives and blasting agents".
1910.109(h)(1)

"General provisions." Unless otherwise set forth in this
paragraph, water gels shall be transported, stored and used in the same
manner as explosives or blasting agents in accordance with the
classification of the product.
1910.109(h)(2)

"Types and
classifications."
1910.109(h)(2)(i)

Water gels containing a substance in itself classified as
an explosive shall be classified as an explosive and manufactured,
transported, stored, and used as specified for "explosives" in this
section, except as noted in subdivision (iv) of this subparagraph.
1910.109(h)(2)(ii)

Water gels containing no substance in itself classified as
an explosive and which are cap-sensitive as defined in paragraph (a) of
this section under Blasting Agent shall be classified as an explosive and
manufactured, transported, stored and used as specified for "explosives"
in this section.
..1910.109(h)(2)(iii)

1910.109(h)(2)(iii)

Water gels containing no substance in itself classified as
an explosive and which are not cap-sensitive as defined in paragraph (a)
of this section under Blasting Agent shall be classified as blasting
agents and manufactured, transported, stored, and used as specified for
"blasting agents" in this section.
1910.109(h)(2)(iv)

When tests on specific formulations of water gels result
in Department of Transportation classification as a Class B explosive,
bullet-resistant magazines are not required, see paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of
this section.
1910.109(h)(3)

"Fixed location mixing."
1910.109(h)(3)(i)

[Reserved].
1910.109(h)(3)(ii)

Buildings used for the mixing of water gels shall conform
to the requirements of this
subdivision.
1910.109(h)(3)(ii)(a)

Buildings shall be of noncombustible construction or sheet
metal on wood studs.
1910.109(h)(3)(ii)(b)

Floors in a mixing plant shall be of concrete or of other
nonabsorbent materials.
1910.109(h)(3)(ii)(c)

Where fuel oil is used all fuel oil storage facilities
shall be separated from the mixing plant and located in such a manner that
in case of tank rupture, the oil will drain away from the mixing plant
building.
..1910.109(h)(3)(ii)(d)

1910.109(h)(3)(ii)(d)

The building shall be well ventilated.
1910.109(h)(3)(ii)(e)

Heating units that do not depend on combustion processes,
when properly designed and located, may be used in the building. All
direct sources of heat shall be provided exclusively from units located
outside of the mixing building.
1910.109(h)(3)(ii)(f)

All internal-combustion engines used for electric power
generation shall be located outside the mixing plant building, or shall be
properly ventilated and isolated by a firewall. The exhaust systems on all
such engines shall be located so any spark emission cannot be a hazard to
any materials in or adjacent to the
plant.
1910.109(h)(3)(iii)

Ingredients of water gels shall conform to the
requirements of this subdivision.
1910.109(h)(3)(iii)(a)

Ingredients in themselves classified as Class A or Class B
explosives shall be stored in conformity with paragraph (c) of this
section.
1910.109(h)(3)(iii)(b)

Nitrate-water solutions may be stored in tank cars, tank
trucks, or fixed tanks without quantity or distance limitations. Spills or
leaks which may contaminate combustible materials shall be cleaned up
immediately.
..1910.109(h)(3)(iii)(c)

1910.109(h)(3)(iii)(c)

Metal powders such as aluminum shall be kept dry and shall
be stored in containers or bins which are moisture-resistant or
weathertight. Solid fuels shall be used in such manner as to minimize dust
explosion hazards.
1910.109(h)(3)(iii)(d)

Ingredients shall not be stored with incompatible
materials.
1910.109(h)(3)(iii)(e)

Peroxides and chlorates shall not be used.
1910.109(h)(3)(iv)

Mixing equipment shall comply with the requirements of
this subdivision.
1910.109(h)(3)(iv)(a)

The design of the processing equipment, including mixing
and conveying equipment, shall be compatible with the relative sensitivity
of the materials being handled. Equipment shall be designed to minimize
the possibility of frictional heating, compaction, overloading, and
confinement.
1910.109(h)(3)(iv)(b)

Both equipment and handling procedures shall be designed
to prevent the introduction of foreign objects or materials.
1910.109(h)(3)(iv)(c)

Mixers, pumps, valves, and related equipment shall be
designed to permit regular and periodic flushing, cleaning, dismantling,
and inspection.
1910.109(h)(3)(iv)(d)

All electrical equipment including wiring, switches,
controls, motors, and lights, shall conform to the requirements of subpart
S of this part.
..1910.109(h)(3)(iv)(e)

1910.109(h)(3)(iv)(e)

All electric motors and generators shall be provided with
suitable overload protection devices. Electrical generators, motors,
proportioning devices, and all other electrical enclosures shall be
electrically bonded. The grounding conductor to all such electrical
equipment shall be effectively bonded to the service-entrance ground
connection and to all equipment ground connections in a manner so as to
provide a continuous path to ground.
1910.109(h)(3)(v)

Mixing facilities shall comply with the fire prevention
requirements of this subdivision.
1910.109(h)(3)(v)(a)

The mixing, loading, and ingredient transfer areas where
residues or spilled materials may accumulate shall be cleaned
periodically. A cleaning and collection system for dangerous residues
shall be provided.
1910.109(h)(3)(v)(b)

A daily visual inspection shall be made of mixing,
conveying, and electrical equipment to establish that such equipment is in
good operating condition. A program of systematic maintenance shall be
conducted on regular schedule.
1910.109(h)(3)(v)(c)

Heaters which are not dependent on the combustion process
within the heating unit may be used within the confines of processing
buildings, or compartments, if provided with temperature and safety
controls and located away from combustible materials and the finished
product.
1910.109(h)(4)

"Bulk delivery and mixing vehicles."
1910.109(h)(4)(i)

The design of vehicles shall comply with the requirements
of this subdivision.
..1910.109(h)(4)(i)(a)

1910.109(h)(4)(i)(a)

Vehicles used over public highways for the bulk
transportation of water gels or of ingredients classified as dangerous
commodities, shall meet the requirements of the Department of
Transportation and shall meet the requirements of paragraphs (d) and
(g)(6) of this section.
1910.109(h)(4)(i)(b)

When electric power is supplied by a self-contained motor
generator located on the vehicle the generator shall be at a point
separate from where the water gel is discharged.
1910.109(h)(4)(i)(c)

The design of processing equipment and general
requirements shall conform to subparagraphs (3)(iii) and (iv) of this
paragraph.
1910.109(h)(4)(i)(d)

A positive action parking brake, which will set the wheel
brakes on at least one axle shall be provided on vehicles when equipped
with air brakes and shall be used during bulk delivery operations. Wheel
chocks shall supplement parking brakes whenever conditions may
require.
1910.109(h)(4)(ii)

Operation of bulk delivery and mixing vehicles shall
comply with the requirements of this subdivision.
1910.109(h)(4)(ii)(a)

The placarding requirements contained in DOT regulations
apply to vehicles carrying water gel explosives or blasting agents.
1910.109(h)(4)(ii)(b)

The operator shall be trained in the safe operation of the
vehicle together with its mixing, conveying, and related equipment. He
shall be familiar with the commodities being delivered and the general
procedure for handling emergency
situations.
..1910.109(h)(4)(ii)(c)

1910.109(h)(4)(ii)(c)

The hauling of either blasting caps or other explosives,
but not both, shall be permitted on bulk trucks provided that a special
wood or nonferrous-lined container is installed for the explosives. Such
blasting caps or other explosives shall be in DOT-specified shipping
containers; see 49 CFR Chapter I.
1910.109(h)(4)(ii)(d)

No person shall be allowed to smoke, carry matches or any
flame-producing device, or carry any firearms while in or about bulk
vehicles effecting the mixing, transfer, or down-the-hole loading of water
gels at or near the blasting site.
1910.109(h)(4)(ii)(e)

Caution shall be exercised in the movement of the vehicle
in the blasting area to avoid driving the vehicle over or dragging hoses
over firing lines, cap wires, or explosive materials. The employer shall
furnish the driver the assistance of a second person to guide the driver's
movements.
1910.109(h)(4)(ii)(f)

No intransit mixing of materials shall be performed.
1910.109(h)(4)(ii)(g)

The location chosen for water gel or ingredient transfer
from a support vehicle into the borehole loading vehicle shall be away
from the blasthole site when the boreholes are loaded or in the process of
being loaded.
1910.109(i)

"Storage of ammonium
nitrate".
1910.109(i)(1)

"Scope and
definitions."
..1910.109(i)(1)(i)

1910.109(i)(1)(i)

-
1910.109(i)(1)(i)(a)

Except as provided in paragraph (i)(1)(i)(d) of this
paragraph applies to the storage of ammonium nitrate in the form of
crystals, flakes, grains, or prills including fertilizer grade, dynamite
grade, nitrous oxide grade, technical grade, and other mixtures containing
60 percent or more ammonium nitrate by weight but does not apply to
blasting agents.
1910.109(i)(1)(i)(b)

This paragraph does not apply to the transportation of
ammonium nitrate.
1910.109(i)(1)(i)(c)

This paragraph does not apply to storage under the
jurisdiction of and in compliance with the regulations of the U.S. Coast
Guard (see 46 CFR parts 146-149).
1910.109(i)(1)(i)(d)

The storage of ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrate
mixtures that are more sensitive than allowed by the "Definition of Test
Procedures for Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer" is prohibited.
1910.109(i)(1)(ii)

-
1910.109(i)(1)(ii)(a)

[Reserved]
1910.109(i)(1)(ii)(b)

The standards for ammonium nitrate (nitrous oxide grade)
are those found in the "Specifications, Properties, and Recommendations
for Packaging, Transportation, Storage, and Use of Ammonium Nitrate",
available from the Compressed Gas Association, Inc., which is incorporated
by reference as specified in Sec.
1910.6.
..1910.109(i)(2)

1910.109(i)(2)

"General provisions."
1910.109(i)(2)(i)

This paragraph applies to all persons storing, having, or
keeping ammonium nitrate, and to the owner or lessee of any building,
premises, or structure in which ammonium nitrate is stored in quantities
of 1,000 pounds or more.
1910.109(i)(2)(ii)

Approval of large quantity storage shall be subject to due
consideration of the fire and explosion hazards, including exposure to
toxic vapors from burning or decomposing ammonium nitrate.
1910.109(i)(2)(iii)

1910.109(i)(2)(iii)(a)

Storage buildings shall not have basements unless the
basements are open on at least one side. Storage buildings shall not be
over one story in height.
1910.109(i)(2)(iii)(b)

Storage buildings shall have adequate ventilation or be of
a construction that will be self-ventilating in the event of fire.
1910.109(i)(2)(iii)(c)

The wall on the exposed side of a storage building within
50 feet of a combustible building, forest, piles of combustible materials
and similar exposure hazards shall be of fire-resistive construction. In
lieu of the fire-resistive wall, other suitable means of exposure
protection such as a free standing wall may be used. The roof coverings
shall be Class C or better, as defined in the Manual on Roof Coverings,
NFPA 203M-1970, which is incorporated by reference as specified in Sec.
1910.6.
..1910.109(i)(2)(iii)(d)

1910.109(i)(2)(iii)(d)

All flooring in storage and handling areas, shall be of
noncombustible material or protected against impregnation by ammonium
nitrate and shall be without open drains, traps, tunnels, pits, or pockets
into which any molten ammonium nitrate could flow and be confined in the
event of fire.
1910.109(i)(2)(iii)(e)

The continued use of an existing storage building or
structure not in strict conformity with this paragraph may be approved in
cases where such continued use will not constitute a hazard to life.
1910.109(i)(2)(iii)(f)

Buildings and structures shall be dry and free from water
seepage through the roof, walls, and floors.
1910.109(i)(3)

"Storage of ammonium nitrate in bags, drums, or other
containers."
1910.109(i)(3)(i)

-
1910.109(i)(3)(i)(a)

Bags and containers used for ammonium nitrate must comply
with specifications and standards required for use in interstate commerce
(see 49 CFR Chapter I).
1910.109(i)(3)(i)(b)

Containers used on the premises in the actual
manufacturing or processing need not comply with provisions of paragraph
(i)(3)(i)(a) of this paragraph.
1910.109(i)(3)(ii)

1910.109(i)(3)(ii)(a)

Containers of ammonium nitrate shall not be accepted for
storage when the temperature of the ammonium nitrate exceeds 130 deg.
F.
..1910.109(i)(3)(ii)(b)

1910.109(i)(3)(ii)(b)

Bags of ammonium nitrate shall not be stored within 30
inches of the storage building walls and partitions.
1910.109(i)(3)(ii)(c)

The height of piles shall not exceed 20 feet. The width of
piles shall not exceed 20 feet and the length 50 feet except that where
the building is of noncombustible construction or is protected by
automatic sprinklers the length of piles shall not be limited. In no case
shall the ammonium nitrate be stacked closer than 36 inches below the roof
or supporting and spreader beams overhead.
1910.109(i)(3)(ii)(d)

Aisles shall be provided to separate piles by a clear
space of not less than 3 feet in width. At least one service or main aisle
in the storage area shall be not less than 4 feet in width.
1910.109(i)(4)

"Storage of bulk ammonium nitrate."
1910.109(i)(4)(i)

-
1910.109(i)(4)(i)(a)

Warehouses shall have adequate ventilation or be capable
of adequate ventilation in case of
fire.
1910.109(i)(4)(i)(b)

Unless constructed of noncombustible material or unless
adequate facilities for fighting a roof fire are available, bulk storage
structures shall not exceed a height of 40
feet.
...1910.109(i)(4)(ii)

1910.109(i)(4)(ii)

-
1910.109(i)(4)(ii)(a)

Bins shall be clean and free of materials which may
contaminate ammonium nitrate.
1910.109(i)(4)(ii)(b)

Due to the corrosive and reactive properties of ammonium
nitrate, and to avoid contamination, galvanized iron, copper, lead, and
zinc shall not be used in a bin construction unless suitably protected.
Aluminum bins and wooden bins protected against impregnation by ammonium
nitrate are permissible. The partitions dividing the ammonium nitrate
storage from other products which would contaminate the ammonium nitrate
shall be of tight construction.
1910.109(i)(4)(ii)(c)

The ammonium nitrate storage bins or piles shall be
clearly identified by signs reading "Ammonium Nitrate" with letters at
least 2 inches high.
1910.109(i)(4)(iii)

-
1910.109(i)(4)(iii)(a)

Piles or bins shall be so sized and arranged that all
material in the pile is moved out periodically in order to minimize
possible caking of the stored ammonium nitrate.
1910.109(i)(4)(iii)(b)

Height or depth of piles shall be limited by the
pressure-setting tendency of the product. However, in no case shall the
ammonium nitrate be piled higher at any point than 36 inches below the
roof or supporting and spreader beams
overhead.
..1910.109(i)(4)(iii)(c)

1910.109(i)(4)(iii)(c)

Ammonium nitrate shall not be accepted for storage when
the temperature of the product exceeds 130 deg. F.
1910.109(i)(4)(iii)(d)

Dynamite, other explosives, and blasting agents shall not
be used to break up or loosen caked ammonium nitrate.
1910.109(i)(5)

"Contaminants."
1910.109(i)(5)(i)

-
1910.109(i)(5)(i)(a)

Ammonium nitrate shall be in a separate building or shall
be separated by approved type firewalls of not less than 1 hour
fire-resistance rating from storage of organic chemicals, acids, or other
corrosive materials, materials that may require blasting during processing
or handling, compressed flammable gases, flammable and combustible
materials or other contaminating substances, including but not limited to
animal fats, baled cotton, baled rags, baled scrap paper, bleaching
powder, burlap or cotton bags, caustic soda, coal, coke, charcoal, cork,
camphor, excelsior, fibers of any kind, fish oils, fish meal, foam rubber,
hay, lubricating oil, linseed oil, or other oxidizable or drying oils,
naphthalene, oakum, oiled clothing, oiled paper, oiled textiles, paint,
straw, sawdust, wood shavings, or vegetable oils. Walls referred to in
this subdivision need extend only to the underside of the
roof.
..1910.109(i)(5)(i)(b)

1910.109(i)(5)(i)(b)

In lieu of separation walls, ammonium nitrate may be
separated from the materials referred to in paragraph (a) of this section
by a space of at least 30 feet.
1910.109(i)(5)(i)(c)

Flammable liquids such as gasoline, kerosene, solvents,
and light fuel oils shall not be stored on the premises except when such
storage conforms to 1910.106, and when walls and sills or curbs are
provided in accordance with paragraphs (i)(5)(i) (a) or (b) of this
section.
1910.109(i)(5)(i)(d)

LP-Gas shall not be stored on the premises except when
such storage conforms to 1910.110.
1910.109(i)(5)(ii)

-
1910.109(i)(5)(ii)(a)

Sulfur and finely divided metals shall not be stored in
the same building with ammonium nitrate except when such storage conforms
to paragraphs (a) through (h) of this section.
1910.109(i)(5)(ii)(b)

Explosives and blasting agents shall not be stored in the
same building with ammonium nitrate except on the premises of makers,
distributors, and user-compounders of explosives or blasting
agents.
..1910.109(i)(5)(ii)(c)

1910.109(i)(5)(ii)(c)

Where explosives or blasting agents are stored in separate
buildings, other than on the premises of makers, distributors, and
user-compounders of explosives or blasting agents, they shall be separated
from the ammonium nitrate by the distances and/or barricades specified in
Table H-22 of this subpart, but by not less than 50 feet.
1910.109(i)(5)(ii)(d)

Storage and/or operations on the premises of makers,
distributors, and user-compounders of explosives or blasting agents shall
be in conformity with paragraphs (a) through (h) of this section.
1910.109(i)(6)

"General precautions."
1910.109(i)(6)(i)

Electrical installations shall conform to the requirements
of subpart S of this part, for ordinary locations. They shall be designed
to minimize damage from corrosion.
1910.109(i)(6)(ii)

In areas where lightning storms are prevalent, lightning
protection shall be provided. (See the Lightning Protection Code, NFPA
78-1968, which is incorporated by reference as specified in Sec.
1910.6.)
1910.109(i)(6)(iii)

Provisions shall be made to prevent unauthorized personnel
from entering the ammonium nitrate storage
area.
..1910.109(i)(7)

1910.109(i)(7)

"Fire protection."
1910.109(i)(7)(i)

Not more than 2,500 tons (2270 tonnes) of bagged ammonium
nitrate shall be stored in a building or structure not equipped with an
automatic sprinkler system. Sprinkler systems shall be of the approved
type and installed in accordance with 1910.159.
1910.109(i)(7)(ii)

-
1910.109(i)(7)(ii)(a)

Suitable fire control devices such as small hose or
portable fire extinguishers shall be provided throughout the warehouse and
in the loading and unloading areas. Suitable fire control devices shall
comply with the requirements of 1910.157 and 1910.158.
1910.109(i)(7)(ii)(b)

Water supplies and fire hydrants shall be available in
accordance with recognized good practices.
1910.109(j)

"Small arms ammunition, small arms primers, and small arms
propellants".
1910.109(j)(1)

"Scope." This paragraph does not apply to in-process
storage and intraplant transportation during manufacture of small arms
ammunition, small arms primers, and smokeless propellants.
1910.109(j)(2)

"Small arms ammunition."
1910.109(j)(2)(i)

No quantity limitations are imposed on the storage of
small arms ammunition in warehouses, retail stores, and other general
occupancy facilities, except those imposed by limitations of storage
facilities.
..1910.109(j)(2)(ii)

1910.109(j)(2)(ii)

Small arms ammunition shall be separated from flammable
liquids, flammable solids as classified in 49 CFR part 172, and from
oxidizing materials, by a fire-resistive wall of 1-hour rating or by a
distance of 25 feet.
1910.109(j)(2)(iii)

Small arms ammunition shall not be stored together with
Class A or Class B explosives unless the storage facility is adequate for
this latter storage.
1910.109(j)(3)

"Smokeless propellants."
1910.109(j)(3)(i)

All smokeless propellants shall be stored in shipping
containers specified in 49 CFR 173.93 for smokeless propellants.
1910.109(j)(3)(ii)

[Reserved]
1910.109(j)(3)(iii)

Commercial stocks of smokeless propellants over 20 pounds
and not more than 100 pounds shall be stored in portable wooden boxes
having walls of at least 1 inch nominal thickness.
1910.109(j)(3)(iv)

Commercial stocks in quantities not to exceed 750 pounds
shall be stored in nonportable storage cabinets having wooden walls of at
least 1 inch nominal thickness. Not more than 400 pounds shall be
permitted in any one cabinet.
1910.109(j)(3)(v)

Quantities in excess of 750 pounds shall be stored in
magazines in accordance with paragraph (c) of this
section.
..1910.109(j)(4)

1910.109(j)(4)

"Small arms ammunition primers."
1910.109(j)(4)(i)

Small arms ammunition primers shall not be stored except
in the original shipping container in accordance with the requirements of
49 CFR 173.107 for small arms ammunition primers.
1910.109(j)(4)(ii)

[Reserved]
1910.109(j)(4)(iii)

Small arms ammunition primers shall be separated from
flammable liquids, flammable solids as classified in 49 CFR part 172, and
oxidizing materials by a fire-resistive wall of 1-hour rating or by a
distance of 25 feet.
1910.109(j)(4)(iv)

Not more than 750,000 small arms ammunition primers shall
be stored in any one building, except as provided in paragraph (j)(4)(v)
of this paragraph. Not more than 100,000 shall be stored in any one pile.
Piles shall be at least 15 feet apart.
1910.109(j)(4)(v)

Quantities of small arms ammunition primers in excess of
750,000 shall be stored in magazines in accordance with paragraph (c) of
this section.
1910.109(k)

"Scope."
1910.109(k)(1)

This section applies to the manufacture, keeping, having,
storage, sale, transportation, and use of explosives, blasting agents, and
pyrotechnics. This section does not apply to the sale and use (public
display) of pyrotechnics, commonly known as fireworks, nor to the use of
explosives in the form prescribed by the official U.S.
Pharmacopeia.
..1910.109(k)(2)

1910.109(k)(2)

The manufacture of explosives as defined in paragraph
(a)(3) of this section shall also meet the requirements contained in
1910.119.
1910.109(k)(3)

The manufacture of pyrotechnics as defined in paragraph
(a)(10) of this section shall also meet the requirements contained in
1910.119.

[39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 43 FR 49747,
Oct. 24, 1978; 45 FR 60704, Sept. 12, 1980; 53 FR 12122, Apr. 12, 1988; 57
FR 6403, Feb. 24, 1992; 58 FR 16496, March 29, 1993; 58 FR 35309, June 30,
1993; 61 FR 9227, March 7, 1996; 63 FR 33450, June 18,
1998]

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