Next: 8.6.1 Formatted Output Up: 8 Character Cell Graphics Previous: 8.5 Windows

# 8.6 Output

- `int addch(ch)`
  `int waddch(win, ch)`
  `int mvaddch(y, x, ch)`
  `int mvwaddch(win, y, x, ch)`
  These functions are used for character output to a window. They will manipulate the window and you will have to call refresh() to put it on screen. addch(...) and waddch(...) put the character `ch` in the window or `win`. mvaddch(...) and mvwaddch(...) do the same except that they move the cursor to position y,x first.
- `int addstr(str)`
  `int addnstr(str, n)`
  `int waddstr(win, str)`
  `int waddnstr(win, str, n)`
  `int mvaddstr(y, x, str)`
  `int mvaddnstr(y, x, str, n)`
  `int mvwaddstr(win, y, x, str)`
  `int mvwaddnstr(win, y, x, str, n)`
  These functions write a string to a window and are equivalent to series of calls to addch(...). `str` is a null terminated string ("blafoo`\`0"). Functions with w write the string `str` to the window `win`, while other funcions write to . Functions with `n` write n characters of `str`. If `n` is -1, the entire string `str` is written.
- `int addchstr(chstr)`
  `int addchnstr(chstr, n)`
  `int waddchstr(win, chstr)`
  `int waddchnstr(win, chstr, n)`
  `int mvaddchstr(y, x, chstr)`
  `int mvaddchnstr(y, x, chstr, n)`
  `int mvwaddchstr(win, y, x, chstr)`
  `int mvwaddchnstr(win, y, x, chstr, n)`
  These functions copy `chstr` to the window image ( or `win`). The starting position is the current cursor position. Functions with `n` write n characters of `chstr`. If `n` is -1, the entire string `chstr` is written. The cursor is not moved and no control character check is done. These functions are faster than the addstr(...) routines. `chstr` is a pointer to an array of chtype.
- `int echochar(ch)`
  `int wechochar(win, ch)`
  The same as call addch(...) (waddch(...) followed by refresh() (wrefresh(win).

- 8.6.1 Formatted Output
- 8.6.2 Insert Characters/Lines
- 8.6.3 Delete Characters/Lines
- 8.6.4 Boxes and Lines
- 8.6.5 Background Character

Next: 8.6.1 Formatted Output Up: 8 Character Cell Graphics Previous: 8.5 Windows